In India, the crop is under commercial cultivation along Western Ghats (Maharashtra, Kerala), Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, UP, Assam and foothills of Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim.
Lemongrass is one of most important aromatic grass which can become a crop of future India based on experience among many aromatic crop. Reason for same is its application for derivatives like Vitamins which require basic molecule like Citral which is major component of this oil
Botanical Description
Lemon grass is a tall, perennial hedge throwing up dense fascicles of leaves from a short rhizome. Leaves are long, glaucous, green, linear, tapering upwards and along the margins; ligule very short; sheaths terete, those of the barren shoots widened and tightly clasping at the base, others narrow and separating. It is a short day plant and flowers profusely in South India. The inflorescence is a long spike about one meter in length. Flower panicles are 30 to over 60 cm long
Economic Importance
Lemon grass oil is distilled from leaves and flowering tops of Lemon grass.
The oil has strong lemon-like odour, due to high percentage ( over 75%) of citral in the oil, which is used as a basic raw material for synthesis of ß-ionones used for synthesis of a number of useful aromatic compounds and Vitamin - A. Lemon grass oil is thus used as a main substitute for ‘ Cod liver oil’.
Citral itself is used in perfumery for various grades of soaps, detergents, cosmetics, insect repellents, room freshners, ayurvedic preparations and flavour agent for soft drinks.
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